Part B Chapter 1 Era of One Party Dominance English

 

1. When was the Indian Constitution enforced ?

Ans : The Indian constitution was legally enforced on 26 January, 1950.

2. When was the election commission formed in India ?

Ans : In India, the election commission was formed on 25th January 1950.

3. Who was the First Election Commissioner of India?

Ans: Sukumar Sen

4. Why did Election Commission cancel the first voter list ?

Ans : Election Commission cancel the first voter list because nearly 40 lakhs women were not recorded in the list.

5. Name the full form of E.V.M.

Ans : The full form of E.V.M. is Electronic Voting Machine.

6.In which year was the first general election held ?

Ans : In 1952, the first general election was held.

7. What percentage of votes did the Congress obtained in 1952 Lok Sabha Election ?

Ans : In 1952 Lok Sabha Election Congress obtain 45% of votes.

8. When was the Congress socialist party formed ?

Ans : The Congress socialist party was formed in 1934.

9. Mention two countries in which their Constitution have permitted only a single party ?

Ans : In countries like China and Cuba, their Constitution have permitted only a single party.

10. Who was the chairman of drafting committee of constituent assembly ?

Ans: Dr. Bhim Rao Ramji Ambedkar was the chairman of the drafting committee of the constituent assembly.

11. In which country did the bolshevik revolution take place ?

Ans: Bolshevik revolution took place in Russia.

12. When was Bhartiya Jana Sangh formed ?

Ans : Bharatiya Jana Sangh was formed in 1951.

13. Who was the founder President of Bharatiya Jana Sangh ?

Ans : The Founder President of Bharatiya Jana Sangh was Shyama Prasad Mukherjee.

14. When was Swatantra party formed ?

Ans : Swatantra party was formed in August 1959.

15. When was the Congress Party founded in India and by whom ?

Ans : The Congress party was founded in 1885, it was founded by A.O. Hume.

16. Who led the Indian National Congress in the first general election ?

Ans : Jawaharlal Nehru letter Indian National Congress in the first general election.

17. In 1957 which party form the government in Kerala ? 

Ans : The Communist Party formed government in Kerala in 1957.

18. On which date was the draft of the Indian Constitution signed and when it came into force ?

Ans : The draft of Indian constitution was signed on 26th November 1949 and it came into force on 26th January 1950.

19.What is the full form of RSS ? What is the name of the Founder president ? 

Ans : the full form of RSS Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. The Founder president of RSS is K.B. Hedgewar. 

20. When was CPI party formed ? Name one personality who let this party ? 

Ans : The CPI party was formed  in the early 1920’s taking inspiration from the Bolshevik revolution in Russia.One famous personality who led this party was A.K. Gopalan. 

21. What percentage of votes Congress got in the first general election?

Ans: In the first general election, Congress got 45% votes

22. Who was the founder of P.R.I.

Ans : Plutarco Elias Calles was the founder of P.R.I.

23. In which party lies the roots of Bharatiya Janata Party ? 

Ans : The roots of Bharatiya Janata Party lies n Bhartiya Janata Sangha.

24. Who was Deen Dayal Upadhyaya ?

Ans : Deen Dayal Upadhyaya was the founder member of Bharatiya Jana Sangha.

25. Who was the founder of Independent Labour Party in India?

Ans: Dr. B R Ambedkar was the founder of Independent Labour Party.

26. When was EVM used in India for the first time?

Ans: EVM was used for the first time in Kerala in 1982.

27. The first general election in 1952 involved simultaneous elections to Lok Sabha and___

Ans : State Assemblies.

28. The Congress socialist party was formed within the Congress in___by a group of young leaders who wanted a more radical and egalitarian Congress.

Ans : 1948.

29. Write any four reasons for dominance of Congress party in India.

Ans : Four reasons for dominance of Congress party in India : 

(i) Indian National Congress was the first and oldest party and it enjoyed Supremacy over other parties.

(ii) Indian National Congress Party is the largest party having well organised party network all over India. 

(iii) Indian National Congress let the freedom struggle and won Independence for India. The leaders of the Congress were very popular.

(iv) There is lack of well organised strong opposition political party in India. 

30. Discuss the dominance of Congress in the first three general elections.

Ans: In the first three general elections, Congress succeeded in winning a clear majority and formed the government in the centre.

1952 Elections

In the first general elections in India, 14 political parties contested. Congress won 364 seats out of 489 seats. Congress won 75% seats and 45% of votes. The Communist Party of India came a distant second with winning only 12 seats. In this election Congress won both at the centre and in the states.

1957 Elections

In the second general election held in 1957, Congress won 371 seats out of 494 seats. The Communist Party of India managed to win 27 seats. However the Congress lost the election in Kerala and Communist Party of India formed the government.

1962 Elections

In the third general election held in 1962, Congress won 361 seats out of 494 seats and managed to form a government in the centre. Communist Party of India could win only 29 seats. The Congress party’s popularity and dominance is proven by the three general elections.

Year	Total Seats	Seats Won by Congress	Voteshare of Congress	Seats won by CPI
1952	489	364	45%	16
1957	494	371	45.44%	27
1962	494	361	44.7%	29

 

31. Mention some features of India’s Party System.

 Ans: India's party system is characterized by several distinct features as follows:

1.      Multi-Party System: India has a diverse and fragmented party system with numerous national, regional, and local parties.

2.      Coalition Politics: Due to the multi-party system, coalition governments have become common at both the national and state levels.

3.      Regional Parties' Influence: Regional parties play a crucial role in India's politics, often holding significant power in state governments and sometimes in the national government as coalition partners. These parties usually focus on regional issues and represent specific linguistic, cultural, or ethnic groups.

4.      Dynastic Politics: Many political parties in India, especially at the national level, are influenced by dynastic politics.

5.      Defection: Indian political parties have a culture of defection. Political leaders change political parties according to their convenience.

6.      Fragmented Opposition: The opposition in India is fragmented. As a result the opposition is fragmented.