Class 12 MCQs PART A (English Medium)

 

Chapter 1:

1.What did the Berlin Wall divide?

a) Two parts of Germany

b) Two parts of Russia

c) East Asia and Europe

d) North and South America

2.What was the main idea of socialism in the Soviet Union?

a) Freedom of speech

b) Private property

c) Equality for all

d) Competition in the market

3.Who introduced reforms to change the Soviet Union in 1985?

a) Joseph Stalin

b) Vladimir Lenin

c) Mikhail Gorbachev

d) Boris Yeltsin

4.What was the Soviet Union’s military alliance called?

a) NATO

b) Warsaw Pact

c) European Union

d) United Nations

5.Which event is linked to the fall of the Berlin Wall?

a) Start of World War II

b) End of Cold War

c) Beginning of the Soviet Union

d) Division of Germany

6.What is ‘shock therapy’ related to?

a) A change from socialism to capitalism

b) A health treatment

c) A way to win wars

d) A plan to stop trade

7.What was one problem faced by the Soviet Union?

a) Too many political parties

b) Lack of modern technology

c) Overpopulation

d) High unemployment

8.Which country became the world’s superpower after the Cold War?

a) India

b) United States

c) China

d) Russia

9.What did people in Soviet republics want after Gorbachev’s reforms?

a) New jobs

b) Independence

c) More military power

d) Free food

10.What happened to the Soviet Union in 1991?

a) It grew larger

b) It became a monarchy

c) It broke into smaller countries

d) It joined NATO

11.Who led the Soviet Union during World War II?

a) Mikhail Gorbachev

b) Vladimir Lenin

c) Nikita Khrushchev

d) Joseph Stalin

12.Which country was the first to leave the Soviet Union?

a) Estonia

b) Lithuania

c) Ukraine

d) Georgia

13.What happened to Russian industries during shock therapy?

a) They grew quickly

b) They were sold cheaply

c) They became stronger

d) They created more jobs

14.Why is Russia important to India?

a) It helps India with weapons and energy

b) It shares a border with India

c) It supports India in sports

d) It gave India independence

15. Which among the following statements that describe the nature of Soviet economy is wrong?

a. Socialism was the dominant ideology

b. State ownership/control existed over the factors of production

c. People enjoyed economic freedom

d. Every aspect of the economy was planned and controlled by the State

16. Arrange the following in chronological order:

a. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

b. Fall of the Berlin Wall

c. Disintegration of the Soviet Union

d. Russian Revolution

17. Which among the following is NOT an outcome of the disintegration of the USSR?

a. End of the ideological war between the US and USSR

b. Birth of CIS

c. Change in the balance of power in the world order

d. Crises in the Middle East

Chapter 2

1.What does the European Union (EU) symbolize?

a) Military strength

b) Regional cooperation and unity

c) Rivalries between European countries

d) Separation of economies

2.Which policy helped European countries rebuild after World War II?

a) Schengen Policy

b) Open Door Policy

c) Marshall Plan

d) ASEAN Policy

3.What is the currency used by most EU countries?

a) Dollar

b) Pound

c) Euro

d) Yen

4.What is the main goal of ASEAN?

a) To create a single nation in Southeast Asia

b) To promote regional peace and economic growth

c) To build the world’s largest military

d) To compete with NATO

5.When was ASEAN established?

a) 1967

b) 1972

c) 1991

d) 2003

6.What does the ASEAN logo with ten stalks of rice represent?

a) Countries’ unity and friendship

b) Agricultural development

c) Rich natural resources

d) ASEAN’s military strength

7.Which country introduced the ‘Open Door Policy’ in 1978?

a) Japan

b) India

c) China

d) South Korea

8.What is a ‘Special Economic Zone’ (SEZ)?

a) An area with strict trade rules

b) A zone for foreign investors with relaxed rules

c) A military base for trade

d) A natural reserve area

9.What is the main difference between ASEAN and the EU?

a) ASEAN promotes economic cooperation; EU is military-based

b) ASEAN supports national sovereignty; EU has shared institutions

c) EU countries are smaller; ASEAN countries are larger

d) EU focuses on trade; ASEAN focuses on military

10.What is China’s main goal with Taiwan?

a) To make it an independent country

b) To integrate it into China’s economy

c) To give Taiwan more global power

d) To isolate Taiwan from global trade

11.What does the Schengen Agreement allow in the EU?

a) Common defense policy

b) Free travel across member countries

c) Use of a single language

d) Shared currency only in trade

12.What was a reason for China’s rapid economic growth?

a) Closing all trade with other countries

b) High investment in agriculture and SEZs

c) Following the Soviet Union’s policies

d) Stopping foreign investments

13.What is the focus of ASEAN’s Economic Community?

a) Building military bases

b) Creating a common market and trade area

c) Building a regional parliament

d) Expanding its territory

14.Which year did China join the WTO (World Trade Organization)?

a) 1985

b) 1995

c) 2001

d) 2010

15.Why is regional cooperation important for countries?

a) To increase conflicts

b) To promote peace and development

c) To isolate themselves from global trade

d) To build the largest armies

16.Arrange the following in chronological order

a) China’a accession to WTO

b) Establishment of the EEC

c) Establishment of the EU

d) Birth of ARF

17. The ‘ASEAN Way’

a. Reflects the life style of ASEAN members

b. A form of interaction among ASEAN members that is informal

and cooperative

c. The defence policy followed by the ASEAN members

d. The road that connects all the ASEAN members

  Chapter 3

1.What does South Asia include?

a) Only India and Pakistan

b) Seven countries including India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka

c) All Asian countries

d) Only India and Nepal

2.Which South Asian country is an island nation?

a) Nepal

b) Bhutan

c) Maldives

d) Bangladesh

3.Which two South Asian countries have had the most wars?

a) India and Nepal

b) India and Pakistan

c) Sri Lanka and Bhutan

d) Pakistan and Maldives

4.What type of government does Sri Lanka have?

a) Monarchy

b) Democracy

c) Military rule

d) Dictatorship

5.What is SAARC?

a) A sports association

b) A regional group for cooperation

c) A trade union of South Asian countries

d) An army alliance

6.When was SAARC formed?

a) 1971

b) 1985

c) 1999

d) 2006

7.Which South Asian country shares the longest border with India?

a) Pakistan

b) Nepal

c) Bangladesh

d) Bhutan

8.Which South Asian country faced a civil war involving the Tamil Tigers (LTTE)?

a) Bhutan

b) Nepal

c) Sri Lanka

d) Pakistan

9.Which country in South Asia became independent after a war in 1971?

a) Nepal

b) Bangladesh

c) Sri Lanka

d) Bhutan

10.What is the main reason for conflicts between India and Pakistan?

a) Disputes over cricket

b) Disagreement over Kashmir

c) Trade issues

d) Water-sharing problems

11.Which country became a democracy after abolishing its monarchy in 2008?

a) Bhutan

b) Nepal

c) Maldives

d) Bangladesh

12.What does SAFTA aim to do?

a) Build a military alliance

b) Promote free trade in South Asia

c) Reduce migration

d) Settle border disputes

13.Which South Asian country has the highest literacy rate?

a) India

b) Bhutan

c) Sri Lanka

d) Pakistan

14.What does the Indus Waters Treaty deal with?

a) Military bases

b) Sharing of river waters between India and Pakistan

c) Fishing rights

d) Tourism in South Asia

15.What is a key challenge for SAARC?

a) Lack of natural resources

b) Political differences between member countries

c) Poor transportation systems

d) Cultural differences

16. Which among the following statements about South Asia is wrong?

a) All the countries in South Asia are democratic.

b) Bangladesh and India have signed an agreement on river-water sharing.

c) SAFTA was signed at the 12th SAARC Summit in Islamabad.

d) The US and China play an influential role in South Asian politics.

 Chapter 4

1.What was the primary purpose of founding the United Nations (UN)?

a. To dominate the world

b. To promote international trade

c. To prevent conflicts and maintain peace

d. To enforce military rules

2.When was the UN founded?

a. 1941

b. 1945

c. 1950

d. 1965

3.What is the symbol of the United Nations?

a. A globe with a dove

b. A map of the world with olive branches

c. A handshake

d. A peace sign

4.How many permanent members does the UN Security Council have?

a. 10

b. 5

c. 15

d. 7

5.Which country is NOT a permanent member of the UN Security Council?

a. France

b. India

c. Russia

d. China

6.What is the main role of the UN General Assembly?

a. To veto resolutions

b. To oversee global financial systems

c. To discuss and debate global issues

d. To enforce military actions

7.Who is the current UN Secretary-General ?

a. Ban Ki-moon

b. António Guterres

c. Philemon Yang

d. Shashi Tharoor

8.Which of the following agencies is responsible for global health issues?

a. UNDP

b. WHO

c. WTO

d. UNICEF

9.Which international organisation oversees nuclear energy use?

a. IMF

b. WTO

c. IAEA

d. UNICEF

10.What is the veto power in the Security Council?

a. A power to approve resolutions

b. A negative vote that blocks decisions

c. A vote that doubles the decision’s value

d. A mechanism to avoid debates

11.Which of these countries is a founding member of the UN?

a. Japan

b. Germany

c. India

d. Brazil

12.Which organisation is the successor of GATT?

a. IMF

b. WTO

c. WHO

d. IAEA

13.What is the primary objective of the UN Security Council?

a. Promoting education

b. Preserving international peace and security

c. Monitoring elections

d. Conducting financial audits

14.What does the IMF primarily deal with?

a. Military disputes

b. Financial and economic stability

c. Global warming

d. Human rights

15.Which continent does not have representation in the permanent members of the UN Security Council?

a. Africa

b. Asia

c. Europe

d. North America

Chapter 5

1.What does security mean at its most basic level?

a. Military strength

b. Freedom from threats

c. Economic independence

d. Strict border control

2.Which report first highlighted the concept of human security?

a. 1994 UNDP Human Development Report

b. 1989 Cold War Resolution Report

c. 1972 Biological Weapons Report

d. 1997 Kyoto Protocol

3.What is the primary focus of traditional security?

a. Economic growth

b. Military threats

c. Global warming

d. Human rights

4.What is the concept of deterrence in security policy?

a. Surrendering to an enemy to avoid war

b. Raising the cost of war to an unacceptable level

c. Forming alliances with weaker nations

d. Avoiding internal conflicts

5.What does balance of power mean in security terms?

a. Equally distributing resources

b. Maintaining equal military strength with others

c. Resolving conflicts through dialogue

d. Allowing all countries to share power in the UN

6.What is the role of alliances in traditional security?

a. To support weaker nations

b. To ensure international trade

c. To deter or defend against military attacks

d. To protect natural resources

7.Which treaty banned the production of chemical weapons?

a. Kyoto Protocol

b. Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC)

c. Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

d. SALT II

8.What is a key characteristic of non-traditional security?

a. Focus on military power

b. Addressing human and global security threats

c. Ignoring internal conflicts

d. Protecting government officials

9.What does human security focus on protecting?

a. States and borders

b. Citizens and communities

c. Military alliances

d. Financial systems

10.Which of the following is an example of a non-traditional security threat?

a. Border invasion

b. Global warming

c. Missile attacks

d. Naval blockades

11.What was India’s justification for conducting nuclear tests in 1998?

a. Economic development

b. Safeguarding national security

c. Establishing alliances

d. Addressing global warming

12.Which treaty regulates the acquisition of nuclear weapons?

a. SALT II

b. Biological Weapons Convention

c. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

d. Kyoto Protocol

13.Which of the following is NOT a traditional security concern?

a. Military attack

b. Separatist movements

c. Economic inequality

d. Alliance building

14.Which international issue is a focus of global security?

a. Border disputes

b. Terrorism and epidemics

c. Regional trade

d. Arms control treaties

15.What approach does cooperative security emphasize?

a. Unilateral military action

b. International cooperation

c. Economic competition

d. Political propaganda

Chapter 6

1.What was the purpose of the 1992 Earth Summit?

a. To discuss global security issues

b. To focus on environmental conservation and sustainable development

c. To create new trade alliances

d. To address space exploration policies

2.What is meant by the term “global commons”?

a. Resources owned by private companies

b. Resources shared by a community but owned by no one

c. Areas used only for tourism

d. Regions controlled by powerful nations

3.Which environmental concern is caused by the depletion of the ozone layer?

a. Global warming

b. Acid rain

c. Increased UV radiation

d. Air pollution

4.What is the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”?

a. Equal responsibility for all nations

b. Greater responsibility for developing nations

c. Shared responsibility based on historical contributions to environmental degradation

d. Dividing the Earth’s resources equally

5.Which protocol aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

a. Montreal Protocol

b. Kyoto Protocol

c. Paris Agreement

d. Antarctic Treaty

6.Which region holds the majority of the Earth’s oil reserves?

a. South Asia

b. Gulf region in West Asia

c. North America

d. Europe

7.What is one of the major causes of water scarcity conflicts?

a. Overpopulation

b. Deforestation

c. Disagreements over shared rivers

d. Air pollution

8.What was highlighted by the Brundtland Report, Our Common Future?

a. The dangers of rapid population growth

b. The importance of military alliances

c. The unsustainability of traditional economic growth patterns

d. The significance of technological advancement

9.What is an example of an anti-dam environmental movement in India?

a. Green Revolution

b. Narmada Bachao Andolan

c. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

d. Project Tiger

10.Which of these is considered a global environmental problem?

a. Local traffic congestion

b. Deforestation in rainforests

c. Noise pollution in urban areas

d. Construction of urban parks

11.Which natural resource is central to many global conflicts?

a. Gold

b. Water

c. Oil

d. Forests

12.Why are sacred groves significant in India?

a. They are reserved for urban development

b. They represent community-based resource management

c. They are used for industrial purposes

d. They are modern tourist attractions

13.What percentage of global oil reserves is located in the Gulf region?

a. 10%

b. 30%

c. 64%

d. 50%

14.Which international organization works on environmental issues?

a. WTO

b. WHO

c. UNEP

d. IMF

15.What is “sustainable development”?

a. Focusing solely on economic growth

b. Development without considering environmental impacts

c. Combining economic growth with ecological responsibility

d. Avoiding industrialization 

Chapter 7

1. What does the concept of globalisation fundamentally deal with?

a) Isolation of nations

b) Worldwide interconnectedness

c) Restricting trade across borders

d) Reduction of communication

2. What is a major factor driving globalisation?

a) Improved technology

b) Decline of international trade

c) Decrease in population

d) Limiting movement of people

3. What is cultural homogenisation?

a) The dominance of Western culture globally

b) Preservation of traditional culture

c) Complete isolation of cultures

d) Equal exchange of all cultures

4. Which of the following is a negative consequence of globalisation?

a) Increase in cultural diversity

b) Erosion of state capacity

c) Rise in local businesses

d) Strengthening traditional values

5. What does “McDonaldisation” refer to in the context of globalisation?

a) Spread of cultural diversity

b) Adoption of uniform cultural patterns

c) Growth of small-scale industries

d) Resurgence of traditional food

6. What has technology’s role been in globalisation?

a) Slowing down communication

b) Revolutionising communication and trade

c) Promoting isolation

d) Preventing international connectivity

7. Which of these is an economic consequence of globalisation?

a) Increased state regulation

b) Decline of multinational corporations

c) Greater economic interdependence

d) Restriction of international trade

8. What do critics fear about cultural effects of globalisation?

a) Growth of local businesses

b) Loss of traditional cultures

c) Spread of cultural diversity

d) Preservation of ancient practices

9. What is cultural heterogenisation?

a) The emergence of uniform global culture

b) Cultures becoming more distinctive

c) Elimination of cultural differences

d) The dominance of a single culture

10. How has globalisation impacted the movement of people?

a) It has completely eliminated immigration barriers.

b) Movement of people has been restricted compared to commodities.

c) People have migrated freely without restrictions.

d) There has been no impact on migration.

11. What led India to adopt globalisation policies in 1991?

a) Desire to maintain isolation

b) A financial crisis and need for economic growth

c) Pressure from local businesses

d) Decline in population growth

12. What is one reason behind resistance to globalisation?

a) It promotes local industries.

b) It weakens traditional cultures and state sovereignty.

c) It strengthens small businesses.

d) It reduces global connectivity.

13. What is a key feature of economic globalisation?

a) Uniform growth in all regions

b) Increase in global trade and investment

c) Reduction in international trade

d) Isolation of economies